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Posted: 28/May/2009 at 7:31pm
Tata Motors' World Truck launched today. So it will be World Truck on the Golden Quadrilateral and Tata Ace on the interiors of India. Logistic cos (Patel Integrated, for one?) implementing the hub and spoke concept can outfit entire fleet with Tata Motors' offerings!
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Posted: 01/Jun/2009 at 5:49pm
Three Questions That Count Kenneth L. Fisher
You want to maximize your chances of getting
good results from stock picking? I have a system, and it boils down to
focusing on just three big questions. They aren't what you might
expect--say, questions about the market's price/earnings ratio or
interest rate forecasts. Rather, they have to do with your own psyche.
Overcome your psychological failings and you can be a better investor.
First question: What do you believe is true
that's actually wrong? If you are captivated by some market myth, other
investors probably are, too. Figure out what that popular but
wrongheaded belief is and you can disassociate yourself from it. You
can bet against it.
Example: Most investors believe that years
when the market is trading at a high multiple of its collective
earnings are bad years in which to invest and low-P/E market years are
good times. This popular belief is contradicted by the evidence, as I
have outlined in earlier columns. Yes, there are some high-P/E years
that turned out to be disasters (2000 and 2001, for example). But there
are just as many occasions when buying into a high-P/E market was the
right thing to do, for example in 1932, 1998 and 2003.
So when you see folks freaked out by high-P/E
markets, you can bet against them. You know something they don't know.
You can invest knowing that the market P/E is irrelevant. (And it
should be.)
Question two: Can you fathom the unfathomable?
If you have the right instinct for turning market statistics into
buy-and-sell signals, you seek correlations first, then causal
relationships that would explain them.
For example, the main force driving cycles
when growth stocks do well versus value is time-lagged shifts in the
yield curve. The yield curve plots the yield on Treasury notes and
bonds against their maturity dates. The historical pattern has been
this: About 9 to 12 months after the yield curve gets flat, growth
stocks start beating value stocks, and they continue to beat value
until the curve gets very steep again. The causal relationship is very
simple. A flat yield curve reflects a reluctance of banks to lend to
commercial borrowers. And value stocks are very borrowing-dependent,
while growth stocks aren't.
Question three: What is your blind spot? I've
been writing here for years about self-blinding psychological traits
like confirmation bias and reframing, fear of
heights, myopia and Stone Age hardwired thinking. It takes time and
effort, but you can learn. For example, if you are myopic and suffer
confirmation bias, you are a trend-follower and will miss upcoming
changes like the capital expenditure and agricultural booms starting in
2006.
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Posted: 01/Jun/2009 at 8:06pm
Anticipate the V
Ken Fisher,
01.22.09, 06:00 PM EST Forbes Magazine dated February 16, 2009
The stocks that got clobbered most late in a bear
market are the most likely to do well in the early stages of the next
bull market.
This year has gotten off to a bad start, with the S&P 500 (as of
Jan. 20) down 10.7% to 805. This just makes me more determined in my
bullishness. I like stocks for 2009 precisely because they did so badly
in 2008.
Did we hit absolute bottom Nov. 20? Maybe, but I can't
be sure; no one can be sure when a bear market is really over. Those
who think they have some formula for precisely calling bottoms are
fools. What I am pretty sure of is this: When the market rebounds, a
lot of its gains will take place in a very short span (like two months
or less), and people who are too cautious will miss most of these gains.
Bear markets have been typically followed by bull markets in a
V-shaped pattern. The steeper and bigger the decline, the sharper and
bigger the subsequent bull move. The few exceptions to this pattern in
the past century have involved the emergence of completely different
bad forces than the ones that created and contributed to the bear
market.
For example, stocks rallied 324% from July 1932 to March
1937. After a recession-induced big bear market and partial recovery
over the next 21 months, stocks encountered an entirely new kind of
trouble in 1939. War in Europe sent the market down even lower than the
recessionary low of early 1938.
That could happen again, with the
economic equivalent of an asteroid coming out of the blue. But, absent
such a surprise, we should get the normal V pattern. Its upward swing
will swamp any late-stage bear market vicissitudes as they always do.
How
were my results last year? In line with the market's--which is to say,
not good. Starting with 1996, forbes' statistics department has
prepared an annual accounting of each stock-picking columnist's picks
versus the S&P 500. Over those 13 years my column has lagged the
S&P 500 three times, and 2008 was one of them. The others were 1997
and 2002.
During 2008 I recommended 57 stocks. Equal money in
each of my picks when first published less a 1% haircut for transaction
costs would have lagged equal amounts in the S&P 500 by 1.1
percentage points (without a commission haircut).
That lag came from the first column (Jan. 28),
which had my two worst stocks. AIG collapsed 97% because of losses on
credit default swaps at a time when accounting standards demanded
quicker recognition of such losses. Brazil's Aracruz Cellulose lost 84%
as demand for its pulp shrank in the face of recession.
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Posted: 02/Jul/2009 at 2:16pm
Quarter-Century Mark
Ken Fisher,
06.24.09, 06:00 PM EDT Forbes Magazine dated July 13, 2009
To avoid overpaying, use multiple metrics--not just price-to-earnings but price-to-sales and price-to-book.
This issue marks the 25th anniversary of my column. That's a long
run in columnland. It's been a blast. Thanks for your attention.
Reviewing my first year's columns, I pondered: What would I still say?
What would I say now that I didn't then?
In the still-say mode:
Avoid overpaying. Use multiple valuation metrics--not just the ratio of
price-to-earnings but the ratios of price-to-sales and price-to-book.
Compare a company with both the whole market and peers. Buy quality
cheaply. The title of my second column was "Glamour Doesn't Pay,"
meaning that the higher growth rates of the most obviously desirable
companies didn't justify their premium prices. Still true.
I've done well over time but made lots of mistakes, too. Learn from
your mistakes. My Dec. 31, 1984 column, "Big Bloopers of 1984," was a
sort of mea culpa, along with lessons learned. The editor liked the
notion well enough that a few years later he began requiring all
columnists to issue annual retrospectives.
A constant in my approach to investing: You should think politically
but unconventionally. Last month I was arguing why Obama will be good
for stocks.
Think about size. There are times for big stocks,
others when small ones are better buys, and times, like now, when size
doesn't much matter.
In the didn't-say-then category: Invest
globally. The column started out with a domestic focus. That doesn't
work in a more globalized economy. Including foreign holdings gives you
more opportunities and better diversification.
Originally I thought Republican. Now I'm an equal opportunity politician-hater.
There
are times to go to cash, but they are rare. This column has recommended
pulling back in three bear markets, beginning first in June 1987, then
beginning in September 1989 and then in February 2001. Good calls, but
then I was dead wrong with a bullish stance in 2008. Usually getting
out is the bigger risk.
In the early days I promoted the idea of
spending time in libraries to gain facts that other investors didn't
have. Not many people did that kind of research, so it worked. We have
a reverse problem now: too much information that's too accessible and
not too reliable. There's a lot of mischief and manipulation on the
Internet, masquerading as fact or as casual commentary. Beware.
Every month for 25 years (except when I was bearish) I've brought you fresh stocks. Here's another batch.
Yanzhou Coal Mining (12, YZC) is the only Chinese
coal stock you can buy. The company extracts 35 million tons annually.
Coal is to China as oil is to America, the motivating force of the
economy. Superbly managed and rapidly growing, Yanzhou will benefit
from rising prices as the global economy recovers. It sells at eight
times my estimate of 2009 earnings, five times cash flow (in the sense
of net income plus depreciation) and 1.8 times annual sales.
Suntech Power Holdings
(
STP -
news
-
people
) (17, STP),
also Chinese, is the largest maker of solar cells using silicon wafers.
Its products are 10% more efficient than those of competitors. It sells
at 14 times my estimate of 2009 earnings and 2.5 times book value.
Brazil's Votorantim Pulp & Paper (11, VCP)
is down 63% from its 2008 peak. It's the leader in paper made from
eucalyptus pulp, with big exports to emerging markets. It sells at
eight times my estimate of 2009 earnings, less than five times cash
flow, one times book value and 1.6 times sales.
India's Infosys Technologies
(
INFY -
news
-
people
) (35, INFY)
delivers data processing services like software development, systems
integration, product engineering and testing. Even in this weak economy
it is growing, increasing both the number of customers and revenue per
customer. It costs 16 times a reasonable forecast of 2009 earnings and
yields 1.2%.
Cruise lines suffer mightily in a recession, since
vacations are a deferrable purchase, but come out of it roaring. One I
like is the Miami, Fla. firm Royal Caribbean Cruises
(
RCL -
news
-
people
) (13, RCL).
It sells at ten times depressed 2009 earnings, 40% of book value, 40%
of annual revenue and three times likely cash flow for this year.
Precision Cast Parts (81, PCP) in Portland, Ore.
makes tricky metal castings for aerospace, automotive and power
generation markets. I told you to buy quality cheaply; this firm fits
the bill. Over the past ten years it has been expanding revenues at a
12.3% annual pace. It sells at 11 times 2009 earnings but in a few
years will see a somewhat higher multiple and much higher earnings.
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Posted: 16/Aug/2009 at 8:45pm
The Bear Market is Over
Ken Fisher,
08.05.09, 06:00 PM EDT Forbes Magazine dated August 24, 2009
Money market cash, in comparison with the value of all stocks, is twice what it was in 1982.
That 9% minicorrection between June 2 and July 13 was nothing to
worry about. Pullbacks are normal early in a recovery. I can find only
one bull market, in 1935, that didn't have some material indigestion
within its first 12 months. But bull markets roll on for years.
This rally has taken stocks up 55% from their Mar. 9 low, as measured by the Morgan Stanley
(
MS -
news
-
people
)
All World Index. That's far bigger than any global bear market sucker
rally. Interestingly, the record rebound has gotten less ink than the
corresponding fall in prices during the first quarter. Maybe the bulls
should be making a bigger fuss about what's going on.
In my Sept. 29 column last year I wrote about how we're in a reverse
bubble. In this mirror image of a buying mania, people can see only the
negatives. But the positives are there and will be reflected in stocks
before long.
For example, few see that housing affordability is
now excellent: The median home price in the U.S. is 2.8 times median
family income, down from 3.9 times three years ago. Another positive is
that global leading economic indicators in total (such as real money
supply and the yield curve's slope) are the highest they've been in a
decade. Productivity is up 2% from a year ago, an impressive growth
rate within a recession's decline.
The financial crisis is over.
Most rate spreads between risky paper like junk bonds to Treasurys have
reverted to precrisis levels. U.S. bank cash on hand, at a trillion
dollars, is (adjusted for inflation) three times what it was before the
crisis. Cash in the form of U.S. money market funds comes to 42% of the
stock market's capitalization. That ratio is more than twice what it
was in 1982 and 2003, as stocks were about to take off.
I have
been saying for a while that stocks are dirt cheap, as measured by the
degree to which prospective earnings yields exceed long-term interest
rates globally. Stocks are also low in relation to commodity prices. In
2000 the S&P 500 matched the dollar price of 5 ounces of gold; now
it costs you only an ounce. The price of the index in baskets of wheat
and pounds of copper is down similarly. And what do the bears say? That
earnings will be low this year. Old news. So what? I expect S&P
earnings (before writeoffs) of $70 next year. The market is trading at
13.6 times that sum.
You should remain heavily committed to stocks like these:
Emerson Electric
(
EMR -
news
-
people
)(EMR, 36)
has $24 billion in annual revenue from motors, valves, switches, test
equipment, compressors and much more--all depressed businesses now, but
they will have much higher sales as the expansion evolves. The stock
will move ahead of the sales gain. It now sells at one times annual
sales and ten times what I think it will earn in its September 2010
fiscal year. The dividend yield is 3.6%.
A similarly depressed high-quality industrial is Sweden'sSKF Industries (SKFRY, 13),
which makes roller bearings, seals, lubrication systems and complex
industrial parts that combine electronics and mechanics. Until this
recession it grew steadily--and it will again. Like Emerson, this
company will see its stock run up ahead of its sales. It also sells at
ten times my estimate of 2010 earnings and 70% of its revenue; yield,
2.1%.
Dow Chemical
(
DOW -
news
-
people
) (DOW, 20)
is the world's best large chemical maker. It grows slowly but steadily
gains on competitors. The stock lagged in the prior bull market and
fell fully with the market in the bear, so it's cheap now. When can you
buy a market leader at 40% of annual revenue? Dow is just breaking even
now, but the stock is at four times my estimate of 2011 earnings. It
sports a 3% dividend yield.
On Mar. 30 I recommended France's Lafarge (LFRGY, 17),
the world's largest cement and concrete maker, at $9.50. So what if you
missed the low; it's still a buy. Despite the recession, we're going to
keep using the stuff. Politicians will see to that. Even after the
recent rebound this stock sells at only 3.8 times its prerecession
earnings. It has a 4% dividend yield and sells at 50% of revenue and
70% of book.
Today's China is more of a neo-feudal fascist state
than a communist one--and a prime beneficiary of the governmental
control system there is Petrochina (PTR,115),
China's largest producer of oil, with 2.3 million barrels per day, and
natural gas, with 3 million cubic feet per day. As China latches on to
the world's resources, Petrochina will benefit. It sells at 11 times
likely 2009 earnings, with a 3.4% dividend yield
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